Explosively driven stud having sealing and retaining means



ug- 28, 1956 c. R. WEBBER ETAL EXPLOSIVELY DRIVEN STUD HAVING SEALING AND RETAINING MEANS Original Filed Dec. 5l, 1949 INVENTOR5 Arrow/if United States Patent C EXPLOSIVELY DRIVEN S-TUDf HAVING ANDRETAINING MEANS Charles R. Webber and Virginius. RL Erickson, Portland, Ore'g., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Joseph B. Cox, doing business as' Powder Power Tool Co., Port-A land, Oreg.

Original application December 31, 1949, Serial No. 136,186, now Patent No. 2,637,241, dated May 5, 1953. li'ileg and this application- April 1, 1953, Serial No. 3 7

2 Claims; (CI. 85-10) This application is a divisionY of copending application, Serial No. 136,186, filed December 31, 1949, now Patent No. 2,637,241, for Studfor Explosive Installation.

The present invention relatesV to stud driving tools of the type` employed for installing studs by explosive action in wall surfaces, such as concrete and steel, and is concerned more particularly with the provision of an improved stud and method facilitating such driving and which facilitates the controlling of the eiective power or force applied to the stud from a standard explosive charge.

In accordance with the instant invention the stud is provided on its head with a frictional portion or element preferably of a destructible material to hold the stud at a selected position along the barrel of the tool so that the desired eiective force from a standard explosive charge will be applied to the stud. At the same time the frictional element being of a removable or destructible character, is readily destroyed so that it is no longer a part of the stud at the time the stud is installed in the wall surface.

The above and other objects of the invention are attained in a preferred embodiment of the invention as described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is an elevational view of a stud driving tool employing the invention, with a portion of the tool adjacent the combustion chamber broken away and shown in section to illustrate details of construction.

Figure 2 is a detailed enlarged view of a stud embodying the invention.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view of the stud taken as indicated by the view 3-3 in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the stud as mounted in the barrel of the tool.

Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a stud driving tool of the character described and claimed in the copending applications of Smith and Daugherty, Serial No. 124,078, led October 28, 1949, for Stud Driving Tool, and Erickson and Bullwinkle, Serial No. 130,818, filed December 2, 1949, now Patent No. 2,679,645, for Stud Driving Tool. In general, stud driving tools of this character are adapted to be separated or broken into two halves including a rear half which contains the various ring control parts including, for example, a iin'ng pin carrier 11, and a front or barrel half 12 of the tool in which the barrel 13 is included. The barrel 13 is provided with an enlarged rear end 13a which has a threaded connection within the end of the tiring pin carrier 11 to connect the two halves of the tool. The barrel 13 is also provided with an enlarged bore to receive a removable breech plug 14 in which the explosive cartridge 15 is mounted for impact by the firing pin of the ring mechanism. With the parts dis-assembled, the breech plug 14 is removed and the selected stud 17 is installed in the barrel, the cartridge 15 is placed in the breech plug 14, and the parts are reassembled as shown in Figure "ice 1 fora tiring operation. Firing'is accomplished by placing the end ofv the barrel 13 against the surface into which the stud' is to be driven and pressing or telescoping the` barrel assembly' 112 and the ring pin carrier 1'1 back into-y the other portions of the tool' until a tiring positionis reached, as disclosed in said` applications', and then effecting relative turning movement of the central housing and the end grip 18 to2' fire the tool:l Ati this time the deector' padvstructure 159;- yielda'bly mounted: about the bart-eli 13, isV engaged withv the surface about theA area of engagement of the end of the barrel.' so as to provide protection from ying particles of the wall surfaceupon explosive' installation of the stud.

Referring inf particular to Figures 1, 2" andl 3i, the stud 17 is of special construction andI carries with if a fric-- tional portion or element onv its head2 which is used tofrictionally hold or secure thest'ud in aselected adjusted position inthe barrel in accordancewith the disclosureof the co-pending a'plicati'on ofY/irginiusI Erickson and Benjamin B.; Bullwinkle, Serialy No. lf3-5,744, filed D'ecember 29, 1.949', now Patent No. 2372210013, for Stud Driving Tool and Method of Power Control.

The stud 17 includes the usual sharpened hardened point 17a and the head, which in this case is threaded as indicated at 17b. At the outer end of its head the stud is provided with an adhesively secured plastic disk or ring 21 whose external diameter is such as to be deformed as shown in Figure 4 when installed in the barrel of the gun. This disk 21 not only serves as a frictional retainer for the stud but also serves initially as a seal against which the explosive gases impinge upon trying to pass between the threaded portion of the stud and the barrel. The disk 21 may be constructed of any suitable material such as paper, plastic, rubber or the like, to be readily removable or destructible, but is preferably of resilient sheet plastic material such as cellulose acetate which is readily combustible so that the disk will be destroyed by burning during the expelling of the stud from the tool.

The material of the frictional retainer is preferably such that it is either completely consumed by the heat of the explosion, or is charred or carbonized suiciently thereby as to be friable and easy to remove from the stud.

From the preceding it is seen that the method of holding a stud in place in the bore of the stud driving tool is carried out by effecting frictional engagement between the head of the stud and the bore of the tool, and this frictional engagement may be eected by placing a frictional disk, of the character disclosed in the drawing, on the stud prior to the time of installation in the bore of the stud driving tool. This installation is preferably carried out by pushing the stud with the retainer thereon into the bore so that the retainer on the head serves to hold the stud in place against sliding movement in either direction until the time of ring the tool. While the studs are usually supplied by the manufacturer with the frictional retainer in place thereon, such frictional retainers may be supplied separately and placed by the worker on the stud just prior to the time of installation in the bore of the tool.

While we have shown and described certain preferred embodiments of the invention it will be apparent that the invention is capable of both modification and variation from the form shown so that the scope thereof should be limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

We claim:

1. A stud for insertion into the surface of a work piece by its ejection through the bore of an explosively actuated driving tooI, said stud comprising a body having a cylindrical head at one end for slidable guiding and supporting engagement Within said bore and a surface penetrating shank of smaller diameter than said head at its other end, the head providing a shoulder to limit the penetration of the shank, and a deformable frictional retainer of destructible material adhesively secured on the head end of said stud in surface-to-surface engagement therewith and having a thin edge portion extending outwardly of the perimeter of the head, whereby said retainer when the stud is inserted in the bore of said explosively actuated tool through the breech end thereof will be deformed from its initial shape kto frictionally retain said stud in any selected position along the bore and having a sealing eiect on the explosive charge used to eject the stud.

2. A stud for insertion into the surface of `a Work piece 15 therewith and having a thin edge portion extending outwardly of the perimeter of the head and bendable in a direction extending axially of the stud upon insertion of the stud into the bore, saidtedge portion providing for sliding movement of the stud in either direction in said bore, whereby said retainer when the stud is inserted into the bore of the explosively actuated tool through the breech end thereof will be deformed from its initial shape to frictionally retain said stud in any selected position along the bore and having a sealing effect on the explosive charged used to eject the stud.

References Cited in the lle of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 388,413 Hawley Aug. 28, 1888 599,472 Nobel Feb. 22, 1898 895,154 Brown Aug. 4, 1908 2,050,047 Febrey Aug. 4,71936 2,380,204 Turechek July 10, 1945 d 2,400,878 Dunn May 28, 1946"' 2,499,227 Miles Feb. 28,-1'950 2,590,585 Temple Mgg/Z5, 1952 

